Reuters/Yiannis Liakos
i.Borneo - Kesatuan Eropah dan institusi kewangan telah menolak dasar berjimat cermat di Greece sejak 5 tahun lepas. Pengangguran yang tinggi, lebih banyak cukai, berbilion-bilion euro melarikan diri, dan peningkatan dalam kes bunuh diri bermakna Yunani pada hari Ahad perlu memutuskan jika cukup cukup.
Apa yang berlaku?
Pada bulan Januari, Syriza parti berhaluan kiri yang dipimpin oleh Perdana Menteri Alexis Tsipras berjanji untuk menamatkan tahun langkah-langkah penjimatan tanpa meninggalkan zon euro.
Apa yang salah?
Rundingan hutang Greece telah sia-sia selama lima bulan. Pemiutang mahu pembaharuan ekonomi sebagai balasan untuk wang bailout, tetapi Syriza enggan berganjak pada janji-janji pilihan raya utama.
RT menunjukkan anda apa yang telah berlaku kepada ekonomi Yunani semasa era penjimatan.
1 - "Dalam 5 tahun di Greece, kami telah memotong pencen sebanyak 44 % peratus, mengurangkan gaji sektor swasta sebanyak 32 % peratus, memusnahkan pasaran kerja, memecahkan negara kebajikan, berdarah pekerja dan kelas menengah kering dengan cukai, dan mencapai satu dan satu setengah juta menganggur di negara yang mempunyai penduduk yang aktif 6 juta, "kata Alexis Tsipras dalam satu temu bual dengan akhbar Itali Corriere della Sera.
Enough austerity? Greece after 5 years
of belt tightening . . .
The EU and its financial institutions have been pushing an austerity policy on Greece for the last five years. High unemployment, more taxes, billions of euros fleeing, and an increase in suicides mean Greeks on Sunday have to decide if enough is enough.
What happened?
In January, the left-wing Syriza party led by Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras promised to end years of austerity measures without leaving the eurozone.
What went wrong?
Greek debt negotiations have been fruitless for five months. Creditors wanted economic reforms in return for bailout money, but Syriza refused to budge on key election promises.
RT shows you what has happened to the Greek economy during the era of austerity.
1 - “In five years in Greece, we have cut pensions by 44 percent, reduced private sector pay by 32 percent, destroyed the job market, smashed the welfare state, bled employees and the middle class dry with taxes, and reached one and a half million unemployed in a country with an active population of six million,” Alexis Tsipras said in an interview with an Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera.
Banner yang tergantung di hadapan parlimen semasa perhimpunan pro-kerajaan menyeru pemiutang Eropah dan Kewangan Antarabangsa Greece untuk melembutkan pendirian mereka dalam wang tunai untuk pembaharuan ceramah di Athens, 17 Jun 2015 (A banner hangs in front of the parliament during a pro-government rally calling on Greece's European and International Monetary creditors to soften their stance in the cash-for-reforms talks in Athens, June 17, 2015 (Reuters/Yannis Behrakis)
2 - KDNK per kapita Yunani telah jatuh kepada $ 21,700 pada tahun 2014 daripada $ 26,900 pada tahun 2010 dalam dolar Amerika Syarikat semasa, data Bank DUNIA mencadangkan.
2 - Greek GDP per capita has fallen to $21,700 in 2014 from $26,900 in 2010 in current US dollars, World Bank data suggests.
3 - pengangguran Belia telah mencapai lebih daripada 50 % peratus. Kira-kira 55 % peratus daripada mereka yang menganggur adalah di bawah umur 35 thn, menurut UK keusahawanan amal Endeavour.
3 - Youth unemployment has reached more than 50 percent. Around 55 percent of those unemployed are under 35, according to UK entrepreneurship charity Endeavour.
EFI Larentzaki (bawah C), 4 dari seorang ibu yang menganggur, mengambil bahagian dengan 3 anak-anaknya dalam demonstrasi anti-penjimatan pro-kerajaan di hadapan parlimen di Athens Feb 15, 2015 (Efi Larentzaki (bottom C), an unemployed mother of four, takes part with three of her children in an anti-austerity pro-government demonstration in front of the parliament in Athens February 15, 2015 (Reuters/Yannis Behrakis)
4 - 44,8 % peratus daripada pesara Yunani yang hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Pencen mereka berjumlah tidak lebih daripada €665 dan telah dipotong 44-48 % peratus sejak 2010.
4 - 44.8 percent of Greek pensioners are living below the poverty line. Their pensions amount to no more than €665 and have been cut 44-48 percent since 2010.
An elderly man is crying outside national bank branch as pensioners queue to get pensions. by Sakis Mitrolidis #AFP
Pesara berjuang untuk masuk ke cawangan Bank Negara untuk menerima sebahagian daripada pencen mereka di Iraklio di Pulau Crete, Greece, 2 Julai 2015 (Pensioners struggle to enter a National Bank branch to receive part of their pension in Iraklio on the island of Crete, Greece, July 2, 2015 (Reuters/Stefanos Rapanis)
5 - Kadar bunuh diri Yunani melonjak 35 % peratus semasa kemuncak krisis pada tahun 2011 dan 2012. Hampir 80 % peratus daripada kes bunuh diri adalah lelaki. Kadar Greece pernah menjadi yang paling rendah di Eropah, tetapi ia melonjak semasa krisis.
5 - The Greek suicide rate jumped 35 percent during the peak of the crisis in 2011 and 2012. Almost 80 percent of the suicides were men. Greece’s rate used to be the lowest in Europe, but it soared during the crisis.
READ MORE: Austerity to blame for 35% suicide surge in Greece – research(penjimatan harus dipersalahkan kerana 35% peningkatan bunuh diri di Greece - Penyelidikan)
Berkabung (R) meletakkan bendera Yunani di tempat di mana seorang lelaki yang membunuh diri di dataran pusat Syntagma di Athens, April 5, 2012 (A mourner (R) places a Greek flag at the spot where a man committed suicide at central Syntagma square in Athens, April 5, 2012 (Reuters/John Kolesidis )
6 - Bank of England telah memberi amaran bahawa krisis hutang Greek adalah satu ancaman kepada kestabilan kewangan di UK dan boleh mencetuskan masalah yang lebih luas kepada pasaran kewangan. Nilai pasaran bank-bank Eropah merosot sebanyak lebih daripada €50 billion pada 29 Julai, apabila kerajaan Greece tutup bank-bank di seluruh negara dan pengeluaran tunai harian terhad kepada €60.
6 - The Bank of England has warned that the Greek debt crisis is a threat to the UK’s financial stability and could trigger wider problems for financial markets. The market value of European banks shrunk by more than €50 billion on July 29, when the Greek government closed banks across the country and limited daily cash withdrawals to €60.
READ MORE: Greece closes banks, imposes capital controls (Greece menutup bank-bank, mengenakan kawalan modal)
Reuters/Stefan Wermuth
READ MORE: http://on.rt.com/hrl94c
